Hi Everyone!! This article will share Art and Culture of Modern India Questions & Answers.
In my previous posts, I have shared Objective Type Questions & Answers of Art and Culture of Modern India so, you can check this post as well.
Art and Culture of Modern India Questions & Answers
Question 1: Name the scholars who rendered valuable services to Sanskrit literature.
Answer: William Jones, James Prinsep, Samuel Davis, Friedrich Schlegel rendered valuable services to Sanskrit literature.
Question 2: Which institute did Uday Shankar establish?
Answer: Uday Shankar founded the institution called Uday Shankar India Cultural Centre at Almora, Uttarakhand.
Question 3: Name three major forms of the paintings prospered during the colonial period.
Answer: Three major forms of painting that prospered during colonial period were:
i. Picturesque landscape paintings
ii. Portrait painting
iii. History painting
Question 4: Name some of the literary works by Munshi Premchand.
Answer: Godan, Gaban and Karmabhumi were some of the literary works by Munshi Premchand.
Question 5: Give the names of the Indian photographers.
Answer: They were Dr. N.Dajee, Nasserwanjee, Ahmed Ali Khan, Shivashankar Narayan, Rajendra Lal Mitra and Ganpatrao S Kale.
Question 6: Who were the three eminent writers who transformed Odiya literature into its modern form?
Answer: Fakirmohan Senapati, Radhanath Roy and Madhusudan were the three eminent writers who transformed Odiya literature into its modern form.
Question 7: Name two compositions of the renowned Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib.
Answer: Naam-i-Ghalib, Latief-i-Ghalib are the two compositions of the renowned Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib.
Question 8: Who played prominent role in the development of modern Bengali literature?
Answer: Bankim Chandra Chatterji played an important role in the development of modern Bengali literature.
Question 9: Who were the prominent members of the Indian People’s Theatre Association?
Answer: The prominent members of Indian People’s Theatre Association were Prithviraj Kapoor, Bijon Bhattacharya, Ritwik Ghatak, Utpal Dutt and Khwaja Ahmad Abbas.
Art and Culture of Modern India Questions & Answers
Question 10: What did the new generation of artists lay emphasis on?
Answer: A new generation of artists began to lay emphasis on exploring real life components instead of illustrating ancient books. They felt that artists should not restrict themselves to the ancient art forms and rather look for inspiration from living folk art and tribal designs.
Question 11: Name the important buildings built by the British in Mumbai.
Answer: The important buildings built by the British in Mumbai are – Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya and The Gateway of India.
Question 12: How did the press evolve as a powerful organ?
Answer: The press evolved as a powerful organ of public opinion on important issues. Many reformers, political leaders and educated Indians used the press as a vehicle for expressing their ideas pertinent to social, religious and political reforms. During the course of the nineteenth century, many newspapers in vernacular made their appearance. They began to criticize the British policies and their administration. As the nationalist movement became widespread, the press played a significant role in mobilising public opinion.
Question 13: Why did the Patuas move to Kolkata? What kind of images they began to produce?
Answer: During the rule of the East India Company, Kolkata underwent many changes and emerged as a commercial and administrative centre. The city appeared to be a place of opportunity. The scroll painters called patuas of the surrounding village moved to Kolkata and carried artistic tradition with them in the hope that their art work would have new patrons and new buyers.
Before the nineteenth century, the village patuas produced images based on the religious themes such as depiction of Hindu Gods and Goddesses and mythological characters which they continued even after shifting to Kalighat. Gradually, they responded to the undergoing rapid changes and produced paintings based on social and political themes.
Question 14: Explain the contribution of Raja Ravi Verma and Jamini Roy in the dawn of national art.
(a) Raja Ravi Verma
i. First artist- tried to develop style assimilation of modern and national elements.
ii. Used western techniques perspective and composition-applied to Indian subjects, styles and themes.
iii. Excelled in Western art of oil painting, realistic life study.
(b) Jamini Roy
i. Jamini Roy gave away expensive canvas and oil paint; opted for inexpensive indigenous materials.
ii. He turned to the true Bengali tradition of folk arts and adopted themes of local folk paintings.
Art and Culture of Modern India Questions & Answers
Question 15: Explain how patuas helped in the emergence of new style of art during the colonial period.
Answer:
i. They carried out artistic tradition based on religious themes.
ii. They responded to rapid changes and produced paintings based on social and political themes.
iii. Wooden blocks with ink were used to engrave images.
Question 16: Describe the changes in literature of Marathi during the colonial period.
Answer: The changes in literature of Marathi during the colonial period are:
- The influence of the contact with the western education and culture was evident on the Marathi literature too.
- The Marathi poet Keshavsut broke the traditional style of Marathi poetry.
- Hari Narayan Apte’s novel Madhali Sthiti gives the message of social reform.
Question 17: Why do you think some artists wanted to develop a national style of art?
Answer: Some artists thought that Ravi Varma’s style of imitative of the west. They wanted to develop a style which could truly capture the essence of the East. They wanted to use the traditional painting styles from India. Hence, they wanted to develop a national style of art.
Question 18: Write a note on the music of South India.
Answer: In South India, Muthuswami Dikshitar, Thyagraja and Shyama Shastri were the most renowned composers of the Carnatic music. The British rule has a left a strong imprint on the traditional Carnatic music. This was the time when violin made its first appearance into the South Indian classical music. There were many programmes held at the Pachiappa’s Hall in George Town, Chennai that featured Carnatic music. Many Englishmen attended and enjoyed the performances.
Question 19: In what way did the British history paintings in India reflect the attitudes of imperial conquerors?
Answer: Imperial history paintings were an attempt to create a public memory of imperial triumphs. Victory was a thing which should be implanted in public memory; both Indian and British. Such paintings were used as tools to showcase the British as invincible and all powerful. The scenes were highly dramatized in such paintings and British soldiers were shown as destroying everything which represented India.
Question 20: How did the British utilise photography?
Answer: The British utilised photography to record the architectural and archaeological monuments which can be used for official records and travellers, etc. It was the most accurate and economic means. Some of the British army staff such as Linnaeus Tripe, Robert Gill, Dr. W.H.Pigou, Dr. Murray, Capt. T.Biggs was assigned the task to document.
Question 21: What was the contribution of each of the following in the field of performing arts in the colonial period?
a) Pt. Vishnu Digambar Paluskar – Music
b) Rukmini Devi Arundale- Dance
c) Ardeshir Irani- Films
Answer:
(a) Pt. Vishnu Digambar Paluskar- Music
He established Gandharva Mahavidyalaya to impart formal training in Hindustani classical music.
He wrote Sangeet Bal Prakash on ragas.
(b) Rukumani Devi Arundale- Dance
- She founded Kalakshetra in chenna.
- Rukmini Devi Arundale was a reputed dancer and choreographer of Bharatnatyam, an Indian classical dance form.
(c) Ardeshir irani – Films
- Alam Ara is a 1931 film directed by Ardeshir Irani.
- It was the first Indian sound film.
- Irani recognised the importance that sound would have on cinema, and raced to complete Alam Ara before several contemporary sound films.
So, these were Art and Culture of Modern India Questions & Answers.